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Question 1 of 30
Consider a scenario where a national cybersecurity agency is evaluating the implementation of a block cipher in a feedback mode for securing sensitive government communications. They discover that a particular system, due to a flaw in its state management protocol, inadvertently reuses the same initialization vector (IV) for multiple distinct communication sessions, all encrypted using the same secret key. What is the primary cryptographic vulnerability introduced by this reuse of the IV in such a feedback mode of operation?
The reuse of the initialization vector allows for the recovery of plaintext from previously intercepted ciphertexts if even a single plaintext block is known.
The block cipher's diffusion property is compromised, leading to a loss of confusion between plaintext and ciphertext characters.
The system becomes susceptible to chosen-plaintext attacks that can directly manipulate the secret key through differential cryptanalysis.
The block cipher's key schedule is weakened, enabling brute-force attacks to determine the secret key more efficiently.

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